Volume 31 Number 1 & 2
December, 2020
M.A. Hoque1, T. Yeasmin2, M.A. Sweety3 and M.M. Reza3
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706.
Abstract:
An experiment was conducted at the research field of the Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during October 2013 to March 2014 with four potato varieties viz., Asterix, Cardinal, Diamant and Granola with a view to evaluate yield and yield contributing characters at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 days after planting (DAP). Results revealed that the varieties varied significantly in almost all parameters. The highest emergence was recorded in Granola and Asterix (99.58%) at 30 DAP. Foliage coverage at 60 DAP was 95% in Diamant and Cardinal, while it was 85% in Granola. Number of leaves per plant also varied significantly and it was found the maximum in Diamant (105.00) and the minimum in Granola (64.93) at 50DAP. At 50 DAP, the maximum number of stolons was recorded in Granola (22.53) and the minimum in Cardinal (12.73). At 80 DAP, the highest number of tubers per hill was recorded in Granola (9.8) and the lowest in Asterix (7.57). Granola produced more than 95% tuber yield between 60 to 70 DAP, which indicated the earliness of the variety. The highest yield at 90 DAP was produced by Asterix (31.46 t/ha) followed by Diamant (29.91 t/ha), Cardinal (27.27 t/ha) and Granola (24.82 t/ha). Therefore, the variety Asterix was the highest yielding variety at 90 DAP and Granola was the early bulking variety that can be harvested between 60-70 DAP.
Key words: potato, variety, growth stages, tuber yield
M.A. Hoque1, M.A. Khan1, S. Mahmud1, M.A. Sweety2 and M.M. Reza2
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706.
Abstract:
Performance of eleven gladiolus germplasm viz. G20, G21, G22, G23, G24, G25, G26, G27, G28, G29 and G30wereevaluated in the Research Field of the Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, during November 2018 to May 2019 for identifying suitable line(s) for commercial cultivation. BARI gladiolus-1 and BARI gladiolus-5 were used as check. The unit plot size was 1.2 m X 1.2 m. Medium sized (3.5-4.5 cm) corms of different gladiolus germplasm were planted at about 6-9 cm depth in the plot maintaining a spacing of 30 cm X 15 cm. The experiment was set up following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The accession G20 produced the highest number of shoots (2.3) and effective shoots (1.7) per hill. All the accessions produced flower stalk more or less within 70 days after planting. The highest rachis length was recorded in G27 (53.7 cm), which was statistically similar with the rachis length of G24 (71.8 cm), G25 (70.5 cm), G21 (69.2 cm) and G30(66.7 cm) but significantly differed with other accessions. Number of florets per spike was ranged from 10.3 (G29) to 16.0 (G24, G25 and G30). Vase life in the accessions ranged from 6-9 days. The highest number of corm per hill (2.2) was recorded in G20, G21 and G24 which was statistically similar with G23 (1.9), G25 (2.0), G27 (2.0), G30 (2.1) and BARI gladiolus-5 (2.1). Number of cormels per hill ranged from 9.0-941.7 with an average of 237.0. Diameter of the largest corm(4.8 cm) was recorded in G20, G25 and BARI gladiolus-5, which was statistically similar to G21 (4.6 cm), G24 (4.6 cm) and G30 (4.4 cm).Based on various plant, flower colour, corm and cormel production characteristics, the gladiolus accessions G20, G21, G24, G25, G27 and G30 may be considered for further study.
Key words: Gladiolus, characterization, plant, flower and corm categories
M.M. Islam1, M.G Miah2, S.R. Saha2, M.H. Khan3 and S. Nipa4
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Gazipur, Bangladesh
Abstract:
An on-farm experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field from September 2011 to January 2014 at Narsingdi district which is an ideal location of central terrace ecosystem of Bangladesh with the aim of evaluating the agro-economic performance of eggplant grownunder 10-25 years old jackfruit trees using five treatments covering agro-forestry (four orientations) and traditional farming (open field) referred as control for crop cultivation. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each jackfruit tree was considered as an unit plot for a single replication. The earlier established jackfruit orchard was transformed to multistoried agro-forestry system. Jackfruit trees were considered as upper-storied crop; lemon, sweet orange, mandarin and papaya were established as middle-storied crops; and eggplant were grown as lower-storied crops. At lower-storey light availability on eggplant was 30.81%. Vegetative growth in terms of plant height, plant stem diameter and SPAD value and yield of eggplant were higher in open condition (control). Among different orientations, yield of eggplant were better at south and poor at north orientation in both the years. Soil moisture was higher in agro-forestry system than control treatment but soil temperature was higher in control treatment than agro-forestry system. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) for jackfruit-eggplant based multistoried agro-forestry system was 4.63 and 5.26, in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The land equivalent ration (LER) for jackfruit-eggplant based multistoried agro-forestry system1.80 and 1.83 in 2012 and 2013, respectively.
Key words: Jackfruit, Eggplant, Multistoried agro-forestry system, Benefit cost ratio, Land equivalent ration, Central ecosystem
M. Moniruzzaman1, R. Khatoon2, M. Moniruzzaman3, L. Akter4 and M.A. Habib5
Plant Physiology Section, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur -1701
Abstract:
A field experiment on sprouting broccoli cv. ‘BARI Broccoli-1’ was carried out during rabi seasons of 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the research field of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC) to investigate the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and main head removal for higher quality seed yield. There were eight treatment combinations comprising four GA3 concentrations viz., 0 (water spray), 60, 80 and 100 ppm and two head removal treatments viz., no head removal and head removal at marketable stage. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. GA3 was sprayed to the plants at 50 and 75 days after transplanting. As there was no significant difference between two years’ results, pooled analysis was done. The results of pooled analysis revealed that spraying of GA3 @ 60 ppm in combination with main head removal at marketable stage gave the maximum pods/plant (1058.1), pod length (4.5 cm), seeds/pod (12.7), 1000- seed weight (3.8 g), seed yield/plant (921.4 g), and finally the highest seed yield (684.5 kg/ha). In terms of seed quality, the maximum seed quality attributes such as percent germination (95.2), speed of germination (24.6), and also greater seedling growth performance like seedling length (6.1 cm), seedling dry weight (5.3 mg) and seed vigour indices (583.7) were recorded from this combination. The combination of 60 ppm GA3 and main head removal gave the maximum BCR of 5.70 with the highest net return (Tk. 9,00,360.00/ha).
Key words: Growth regulators, GA3, head removal, seed yield, broccoli
M.M. Islam1, M.G Miah2, S.R. Saha2, M.H. Khan3 and S. Nipa4
Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
Abstract:
The On-Farm (farmer’s field) experiment was conducted in jackfruit orchard where the age of the trees ranged from 10-25 years with local and unknown varieties during the period from September 2011 to January 2014 in Narsingdi district which is an ideal location of central terrace ecosystem of Bangladesh to know the productivity and profitability of papaya under jackfruit based multistoried agroforestry system. The earlier established jackfruit orchard was transformed to multistoried agroforestry system. Jackfruit trees were considered as upper storied crop; papaya was established as middle storied crop; and seasonal vegetables were grown as lower storied crops. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each jackfruit tree was considered as a unit plot for a single replication. There were five treatments covering agroforestry (four orientations) and traditional farming (open field). At middle storey light availability on papaya was 55.53%.Vegetative growth in terms of plant height, plant stem diameter and SPAD value and yield of papaya were higher in open condition (control). Among different orientations under jackfruit tree, growth and yield of papaya were better at south orientation and poor at north orientation in both the year. Soil moisture was higher in agroforestry system than control treatment but soil temperature was higher in control treatment than agroforestry system. The overall yield in multistoried agroforestry system was increased remarkably. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) for jackfruit-papaya based multistoried agroforestry system was 3.64 and 4.80 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The land equivalent ration(LER) for jackfruit-papaya based multistoried agroforestry system was 1.76 and 1.78 in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Findings showed that farm productivity and profitability have been increased significantly that might have positive opportunity of employment and income generation and ultimately to the livelihood of the farmers living in terrace ecosystem.
Key words: Productivity, Evaluation, Multistoried, Agroforestry system, Terrace ecosystem
M.S. Uddin1, B.C. Sarker2, M.M. Hossain3, M.H. Reza4 and M.M. Islam5
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur.
Abstract:
Mango is an important tropical fruit that has great potential in international markets. The acceptance of exported mango in destination countries depends largely on eating quality, which is affected by maturity at harvest. The subjectivity of the external criteria used for the determination of mangoes maturity at its harvest led to the search for additional reliable parameters to determine the optimal harvesting maturity. Mango maturity can be judged visually, based on skin color, or determined chemically based on soluble solids content, acid content, and solids: acid ratio. Maturity determination based on visual observation is unreliable and prone to errors. For that, an experiment was conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chapainawabganj to optimize maturity indices of 12 popular mango varieties during January 2014 to August 2016. A non-destructive method, days to maturity after fruit set, was used and found that the maturity and harvesting time differed for all the varieties included in this study. The highest total soluble solids (23% Brix) was recorded from BARI Aam-3 followed by BARI Aam-4, Gopalbhog, Khirsapat and Langra (22%) since the lowest TSS recorded in BARI Aam-7. The days required for maturity of BARI Aam-1, BARI Aam-2, BARI Aam-3, BARI Aam-4, BARI Aam-6, BARI Aam-7, BARI Aam-8, Gopalbhog, Khirsapat, Langra, Fazli, and Ashwina were 91, 103, 99, 114, 111, 115, 128, 87, 90, 97, 104 and 136days, respectively. Among the varieties, commercial variety Ashwina took the longest time (136 days) while the shortest (87 days) was recorded from commercial Gopalbhog variety for maturity. Therefore, mango producers can follow these findings for harvesting their mangoes to ensure good taste and quality of their mangoes.
Key words: Mango, maturity, harvesting time, varieties, Chapainawabganj
N. Akhther1, M.M. Islam2, K.M. Nasiruddin3 and M.K. Hassan4
Horticulture Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh 2202
Abstract:
The present study was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory and Horticulture Field Laboratory of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) to study the genetic divergence among 65 brinjal genotypes. Morphological characterization was performed as per the minimum descriptors prescribed by IBPGR (International Board of Plant Genetic Resources) revealed wide and significant variations for most of the traits investigated. Genetic diversity analysis based on selected phenotypic traits revealed that the highest phenotypic and genotypic co-efficient of variations were obtained for per cent shoot infestation by brinjal shoot and fruit borer (95.43 and 94.31) followed by per cent fruit infestation (40.89 and 33.42), peduncle length (39.09 and 35.03), fruit diameter (38.17 and 28.98) and yield (35.52 and 28.85), which signify maximum contribution of these traits towards genetic variability, and eventually can be exploited in breeding programme for obtaining good transgressive segregants. The inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes. The highest inter-cluster distance was present between Cluster VI and VII (5.07) followed by Cluster II and VII (4.43). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that four components accounted for 72.30% of the total variation among the selected traits. Results of PCA also suggested that plant height, canopy spread, fruit length and breadth, individual fruit weight, 1000-seed weight, yield, and levels of shoot and fruit infestation could be used to distinguish the genotypes.
Key words: Brinjal, genetic variability, shoot and fruit borer, cluster analysis, principal component analysis
M.K. Begum1, M.K. Hassan2, M.A. Rahim2, M. Ahmad3
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202.
Abstract:
The study was carried out in order to increase the production of quality guava fruits in Bangladesh through proper management of fruit flies. The research work was conducted at germplasm centre in Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from January 2012 to December 2014. The present experiment was conducted mainly to manage guava fruit flies with emphasis on non-chemical means, and to improve the yield and quality of guava through the use of proper horticultural management practices, and finally to recommend a package of integrated crop management (ICM) for safe guava production. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replication and seven treatments including the control. The treatments are T0 = Control (No action), T1 = Collection and destruction of infested fruits, T2 = Weeding and spading, T3 = Bait trapping. T4= Bagging of fruits (perforated white poly bag), T5 = Chemical control, T6 = Pheromone trap (Methyl eugenol).Results of the experiment in relation to management practices revealed that bagging of fruits with perforated white poly bag one month before harvest checked fruit fly infestation fully and produced almost 100 percent non-infested fruits per plant. Results of the experiment related to pheromone traps (methyl eugenol) on fruit fly control under open field condition suggested that around 90 percent non-infested guava fruits were produced. Used on other treatment results are not so effective for guava production. Results indicated that preharvest proper management practices for fruit fly control, especially fruit bagging with perforated white polybag and use of pheromone trap (1 trap per plant) may be useful in extending shelf life and minimizing losses of guava producing better quality and safe fruits for the consumers assuring higher returns to the growers.
Key words: Guava, fruit fly control, cultural practices, pheromone trap
M.K. Begum1, M.K. Hassan2, M.A. Rahim2, M. Ahmad3
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202
Abstract:
An investigation was undertaken in two consecutive fruiting seasons during 2012 and 2013 at the Germplasm Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The fruits were bagged with five types of bags which constituted the various treatments viz: T0 : Control (no bagging),T1 : Perforated white polythene bag, T2 : Perforated black polythene bag, T3 : Perforated brown paper bag and T4 : Perforated white paper bag. Bagging of fruits was performed approximately one month before harvest. The experiment was conducted in a Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications. Bagging with perforated white polythene bag improved fruit retention, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit breadth and TSS at ripe stage. Results of the experiments in relation to management practices revealed that bagging of fruits with perforated white polybag checked fruit fly infestation fully and produced almost 100 percent non-infested fruits per plant. The results also indicated that the pre-harvest proper management practices for fruit fly control, especially fruit bagging with perforated white polybag, may be useful in extending the shelf life and minimizing losses of mango, and producing better quality and safe fruits for the consumers assuring higher returns to the growers.
Key words: Mango, fruit bagging, fruit fly control
M.A. Goffar1, M. R. Ali1, M. Afroz1, M.S. Alam1and M.Y. Mian2
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701
Abstract:
An experiment was conducted at vegetable research farm of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur for successive two summer season in 2018-19toassess the resistance level of rootstocks against Bacterial Wilt (BW), Root Knot Nematode (RKN), other pest and diseases and to evaluate grafting compatibility, seedling survivability and plant stand, growth and yield at field condition for summer tomato production. Six rootstocks (wild and cultivars) were viz- S. sysimbriifolium; S. melongena (BARI Brinjal-8); EG203 (WVC supplied resistant S. melongena line), Khag-1, Khag-2 and Khag-3 (S. melongena cultivars collected from hilly regions of Bangladesh), while BARI Hybrid Tomato-8 was used as scion. Grafting was donewith scion onto six rootstocks for evaluating field performance. Three rootstocks (S. sysimbriifolium; S. melongena (BARI Brinjal-8); EG203) were showed resistant against BW and one rootstock (S. sysimbriifolium) responded highly resistant against RKN. In the case of grafting compatibility and success, treatment T1 (tomato grafted onto S. sysimbriifolium) and T3 (tomato grafted onto BARI Brinjal-8) found to be the best. Higher yield was obtained from the treatment T6 (44.02 tones) and T1 (41.67 tones). In respect of other pest and diseases incidence, the treatmentsT1, T2, and T6, considered to be the better. Therefore, summer tomato may be grafted onto BARI Brinjal-8 and S. sysimbriifolium for better yield in the BW and RKN prone areas of Bangladesh.
Key words: Tomato, Rootstock, Grafting, Bacterial wilt
P.P. Das1, M.H. Kabir1, M.K. Hassan2
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202
Abstract:
An experiment was conducted at the laboratory of the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the month of November 2019 to find out the effect of different levels of salinity on seed germination of nine cultivars of brinjal, namely BARI Begun-1, BARI Begun-4, BARI Begun-5, BARI Begun-6, BARI Begun-10 and Bt Begun-1, Bt Begun-2, Bt Begun-3 and Bt Begun-4. The brinjal seeds of the said cultivars were treated with four salinity levels viz.0 (control), 50, 100, 150 mM NaCl. The two-factor experiment was laid out following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Levels of salinity had significant effect on seed germination. Rates of seed germination, root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh weight, primary leaf-containing seedlings per petri dish and seedling vigor were reduced with increasing level of salinity as compared to control and 50 mM NaCl. The seed of cultivar Bt Begun-3 germinated first at 4 days after sowing (DAS) in control, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl. The cultivar BARI-5 seed first germinated at 6 DAS in all salinity levels. At 12 DAS, higher germination (100%) was recorded at control in Bt Begun-2 and Bt Begun-3 and lower germination (0%) was noticed in Bt Begun-6, Bt Begun-1 at 150 mM NaCl salinity. The reduction of germination was higher in the cultivar Bt Begun-1 than that in the other cultivars. In conclusion, seed germination and seedling growth performance were significantly reduced due to increased salinity. Salinity stress significantly reduced seed germination and seedling growth when salinity levels were more than 50 mM. Among the cultivars tested, the cultivar Bt-3 was found as relatively salt tolerant than those of other cultivars.
Key words: Brinjal varieties, levels of salinity, rate of germination, seedling growth, vigour index.
M.S. Alam1, N. Islam2, S. Ahmad3, B. Ahmed1, M.A. Goffar4
Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur
Abstract:
The experiment was conducted at Vegetable Research field of Horticulture Research centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, during May to September, 2017. The experiment consisted of five different light intensities maintained by using shade net at20%, 30%, 40%, 50% shade levels and a control (no shade). Shading treatments affected all environmental variables. Reduced values of photo synthetically active radiation (17.33-46.73%), temperature (1.25-3.10C) and elevated values of relative humidity (2.0-7.7%) were found due to shading compared to no shade condition. Plant height, days to flowering and fruit-set were significantly influenced by shading. The tallest plant height was measured from 50 % shade treatment at all growth stages. The earliest flowering (at 45 days) was observed in the treatment 20 % shade and fruit set was the highest (37.89 %) in 30 % shade. Yield contributing characters were also greatly influenced by shade treatments. The highest number of marketable fruits per plant(36.1) and the lowest (1.7) number of non-marketable fruits per plant were recorded from 30 % shade treatment which also produced significantly the highest yield (44.6 t/ha). Shading had also significant effect on fruit characters. Maximum length (4.48 cm), diameter (4.58 cm) and individual weight (47.1 g) of fruit were obtained from 30 % shade treatment. Shade influenced the rate of photosynthesis significantly and higher photosynthesis rate was observed in 20 % to 30 % shade conditions.
Key words: Summer tomato, shade, PAR, RH, yield